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虹口合成鎂鈣砂的煅燒工藝和煅燒設備

發布日(ri)期(qi):2022-01-21 瀏(liu)覽(lan)次(ci)數:34764

目前我國生產虹口合成鎂鈣砂所使用(yong)(yong)的原料有菱(ling)鎂(mei)石(shi)(shi)、白(bai)云(yun)石(shi)(shi)和石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)石(shi)(shi)。所采(cai)用(yong)(yong)的工(gong)(gong)藝為二步(bu)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)、入工(gong)(gong)合成工(gong)(gong)藝。即先(xian)將菱(ling)鎂(mei)石(shi)(shi)、白(bai)云(yun)石(shi)(shi)和石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)石(shi)(shi)在較低的溫度下輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao),生產出(chu)輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)氧化(hua)鎂(mei)、輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)白(bai)云(yun)石(shi)(shi)和生石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)。然后(hou)進行(xing)配料、磨細(xi)、混料、成型,最后(hou)經過高溫煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao),煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)出(chu)不同牌號的合成鎂(mei)鈣砂(sha)。具體的煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝有半(ban)干(gan)法(fa)壓坯、隧(sui)道窯(yao)(yao)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝;半(ban)干(gan)法(fa)壓球、焦炭豎窯(yao)(yao)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝;干(gan)法(fa)壓球、高溫燃油豎窯(yao)(yao)和回(hui)轉窯(yao)(yao)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝。

虹口合成鎂鈣砂.jpg

1、半(ban)干(gan)法壓坯、隧(sui)道窯煅(duan)燒(shao)工藝(yi)該煅(duan)燒(shao)工藝(yi)

生產合成鎂鈣砂是以生石灰和輕燒氧化鎂為原料。首先將生石灰加水消化成消石灰,然后將消石灰與輕燒氧化鎂配料,經過攪拌混合,入筒磨機內共同磨細、均化,再將磨細的合成料在輪碾機內加水混合成半干料,在摩擦壓力機上壓成具有一定外形尺寸的磚坯,經過干燥,裝于隧道窯車上,推入隧道窯內高溫煅燒成合成鎂鈣砂熟料。我國某公司煅燒合成鎂鈣砂使用的隧道窯規格為104.5m×2.0m×1.2m,共52個車位,以熱發生爐煤氣為燃料,設12對套管式煤氣燒嘴,煅燒溫度1620~1650℃,年產量1.5萬t。以隧道窯作為煅燒設備煅燒溫度均勻,保溫時間長,物料達到充分燒結。因此,可獲得高致密度的合成耐火原料。

2、半干法壓球、焦炭豎窯煅燒工藝

該(gai)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝生(sheng)產合(he)成(cheng)鎂鈣砂(sha)是(shi)以輕燒(shao)(shao)白云(yun)石(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)輕燒(shao)(shao)氧(yang)(yang)化鎂為原料。將輕燒(shao)(shao)白云(yun)石(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)輕燒(shao)(shao)氧(yang)(yang)化鎂分(fen)(fen)別磨成(cheng)細粉,計量后(hou)按(an)比例加入輪(lun)碾機中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)再加水(shui)混合(he),混好的合(he)成(cheng)料在雙輥壓球(qiu)(qiu)機上(shang)壓成(cheng)料球(qiu)(qiu),干(gan)燥后(hou)裝入以焦炭或(huo)無(wu)煙煤為燃料的豎窯內煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)。裝料方式是(shi)焦炭或(huo)無(wu)煙煤和(he)(he)料球(qiu)(qiu)分(fen)(fen)層裝入。我國遼寧省(sheng)生(sheng)產合(he)成(cheng)鎂鈣砂(sha)的企(qi)業中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),大(da)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)該(gai)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝。所(suo)用(yong)(yong)豎窯的規格一(yi)般為3m×16m。該(gai)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝簡單,產品成(cheng)本低(di),但在煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)料球(qiu)(qiu)和(he)(he)焦炭混在一(yi)起,焦炭燃燒(shao)(shao)產生(sheng)的灰分(fen)(fen)有一(yi)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)混入到(dao)料球(qiu)(qiu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),增(zeng)加了產品的雜質含(han)量。

3、干法壓球(qiu)、燃(ran)油豎(shu)窯煅燒工藝

該(gai)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工藝用(yong)于生產(chan)高(gao)純度(du)(du)合(he)成(cheng)鎂(mei)鈣砂。將高(gao)純度(du)(du)輕(qing)(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)氧化鎂(mei)和(he)輕(qing)(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)白云(yun)石配料(liao)(liao)(liao)、混合(he)磨細后,直接將干(gan)粉料(liao)(liao)(liao)送入高(gao)壓壓球機中干(gan)壓成(cheng)球,然后再送入高(gao)溫(wen)燃(ran)油(you)豎(shu)窯(yao)(yao)內(nei)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)。這種煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工藝的優(you)勢(shi)是燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)油(you)噴(pen)入到料(liao)(liao)(liao)層內(nei),在料(liao)(liao)(liao)層內(nei)部(bu)燃(ran)燒(shao)(shao)(shao),煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)溫(wen)度(du)(du)高(gao),可達到1800℃以上;燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)燃(ran)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)后不產(chan)生灰分,對物(wu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的純度(du)(du)沒有影響(xiang)。目前,國內(nei)采用(yong)該(gai)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工藝生產(chan)合(he)成(cheng)鎂(mei)鈣砂的企業,只有南(nan)方一(yi)家公司。該(gai)公司燃(ran)油(you)豎(shu)窯(yao)(yao)的規格為(wei)φ1.75m×11.5m,窯(yao)(yao)的工作襯用(yong)高(gao)純度(du)(du)堿(jian)性耐(nai)火(huo)制(zhi)(zhi)品砌筑(zhu),厚(hou)度(du)(du)為(wei)350mm。工作襯于窯(yao)(yao)體鋼殼之間用(yong)輕(qing)(qing)質(zhi)保(bao)溫(wen)磚砌筑(zhu)。以重柴油(you)為(wei)燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao),煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)溫(wen)度(du)(du)>1800℃。設計(ji)4排燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui)(zui),上下布置,間距900mm。每排設計(ji)16支燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui)(zui),沿(yan)圓周均(jun)布。采用(yong)無冷卻燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui)(zui),每支燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui)(zui)配一(yi)臺計(ji)量泵供(gong)油(you),一(yi)次空氣由(you)羅茨風機供(gong)應。實(shi)際生產(chan)中使用(yong)一(yi)排燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui)(zui)。連續裝窯(yao)(yao)和(he)出窯(yao)(yao),全(quan)部(bu)自動化控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi),生產(chan)能(neng)力。

4、干(gan)法壓球、回轉窯(yao)煅(duan)燒工(gong)藝

目前,國內有部分企業采用高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂。其煅燒工藝為:將高純度輕燒氧化鎂和高純度輕燒白云石按比例配料后,經過攪拌昆合,磨成細粉,送入高壓壓球機中干壓成球,然后送入高溫回轉窯內煅燒。如某公司采用φ2.5m×60m超高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂,以重油作燃料,采用機械霧化燒嘴,窯尾設煙氣換熱器,將一次空氣預熱到450~500℃,煅燒溫度>1850℃。煅燒CaO含量20%~30%合成鎂鈣砂,產量2~2.5t/h,油耗300kg/t。


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